When I was 16 years old, my good friend and training partner Max and I went to the gym and jumped into a brand new training block called German Volume Training (popularized by Charles Poliquin). We didn’t really know what it was called, all we knew is that we would put about 50% of our max bench press on the bar, perform 10 repetitions, rest a minute, and then do it again...for 10 total sets. Failure wasn’t an option as we performed forced reps to achieve the 100 total prescribed reps. That was just the start of the workout and we had an additional 6-10 sets of various other exercises to perform as well. For the next week, I couldn’t lift my arms up past my belly button. I was so proud. This is only a hilarious story since we both survived to lift another day, but it brings up the question, “How sore should I be from my workouts?” There are many factors that will affect the amount of soreness an individual experiences (diet, sleep, age, etc.) but today I will focus only on the athletes training and exercise. Like many answers, that depends. Is your goal to be sore, or is the goal to improve something else, like body composition, strength, or performance. If the goal is to be sore, there are very simple ways to cripple athletes and have them rolling out of bed the next morning unable to sit down on the toilet (see 100 bench press workout). Sometimes soreness is inevitable, like if you are exercising for the first time, or if you are coming back to training after a layoff. But if your goal is to make strength/performance or body composition improvements, you must be able to train with frequency (2-3x per week). If you are too sore from your previous workout, and you are unable to to train or your training is compromised, then you can’t make progress. If you are not sore at all and aren’t challenged by your workouts, then you won’t make progress. This is why I rely on the minimum effective dose. In exercise, you want to push beyond the threshold of your current abilities, and then recover. This forces the body to adapt. Any more stimulus, is wasting your time at best and detrimental at worst.
A good way of determining if the training stimulus is enough (popularized by RP Strength) is using a pump and soreness scale. After the workout ask, “Did I get a good pump and was I challenged?” Judge on a score of -2 to +2 (+2 being I didn’t get much pump and -2 being I was so challenged that I couldn’t even finish the workout, 0 being I am pretty sore, but I could train tomorrow). The question you ask the next day, “How sore am I?” Same scale -2 to +2 (+2 I could train right now and I am not even sore, -2 I am crippled and need to take a day or two off). Most training sessions should have a some of 0. If you are doing a lighter week or deloading you may have more +2s, and once in a while you may have some -2s when you are really challenging yourself or maxing out/testing. If you 80%+ of your training sessions are 0, then you are sure to make great progress over time. I leave you with this quote, “You only need to suffer enough, any more is just showing off.”
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